| Career (US) | |
|---|---|
| Namesake: | Clarence F. Leary |
| Builder: | New York Shipbuilding, Camden, New Jersey |
| Laid down: | 6 March 1918 |
| Launched: | 18 December 1918 |
| Commissioned: | 5 December 1919 |
| Recommissioned: | 1 May 1930 |
| Decommissioned: | 29 June 1922 |
| Fate: | Sunk in battle, 24 December 1943 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type: | Wickes class destroyer |
| Displacement: | 1,090 long tons (1,107 t) |
| Length: | 314 ft (96 m) |
| Beam: | 30.5 ft (9.3 m) |
| Draft: | 12 ft (3.7 m) |
| Speed: | 35 knots (65 km/h; 40 mph) |
| Complement: | 176 officers and enlisted |
| Armament: | • 6 x 3" (76 mm) guns, • 6 × 21" (533 mm) torpedo tubes, • 2 × depth charge tracks, • 1 × Y-gun |
USS Leary (DD-158) was a Wickes-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II. She was named for Lieutenant Clarence F. Leary USNRF (1894–1918), posthumously awarded the Navy Cross in World War I.
Leary was laid down by the New York Shipbuilding Corporation at Camden in New Jersey on 6 March 1918, launched on 18 December 1918 by Mrs. Anne Leary, mother of Lieutenant Leary and commissioned on 5 December 1919, Commander F. C. Martin in command.
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Leary departed Boston 28 January 1920 for Guantanamo Bay on shakedown and training, then continued her training in northern waters before transiting the Panama Canal 22 January 1921 to join the Battle Fleet in the Pacific. Upon completion of large-scale maneuvers off the coast of Peru in February, she returned to the Caribbean where in June she observed the effects of seaplane bombardment upon ex-German ships. In the wake of the Washington Naval Disarmament Conference, Leary was placed out of commission in reserve at Philadelphia Navy Yard 29 June 1922.
Reactivating 8 years later, on 1 May 1930 she joined the Atlantic Fleet with Newport, Rhode Island, as her home port. In addition to annual exercises in the Caribbean, every other year she operated off the West Coast in joint maneuvers with the Pacific Fleet. After 1935, training cruises for reserves and midshipmen occupied most of her time.
In April 1937, Leary became the first United States naval vessel to be equipped with search radar, which was installed by the Naval Research Laboratory. The radar set included separate antennae to send and receive in the VHF band (1.5 m).[1]
In September 1939, Leary and Hamilton established a continuous antisubmarine patrol off the lower New England coast. The following year her patrol functions enlarged and 9 September 1941 she began a series of hazardous escort missions to Iceland. On 19 November, Leary became the first American ship to make radar contact with a U-boat. After 26 February 1942, she spent a year escorting convoys from the midocean meeting point to various Icelandic ports.
Leary departed this duty 7 February 1943 for Boston and a new area of service. Emerging from drydock the old four-stacker departed Boston 1 March for Guantanamo Bay Naval Base where she engaged in antisubmarine exercises with R-5 before resuming escort duty, guarding four convoys to Trinidad, British West Indies, between mid-March and mid-June 1943. She returned to New York 25 June.
Leary now began transatlantic escort voyages to guard ever-increasing amounts of supplies from the United States to the Mediterranean. She picked up a convoy off New York harbor 7 July, sailed first to Aruba, Dutch West Indies, and then across to Algiers, arriving the 31st. A return convoy using the same route entered New York 27 August. A second voyage concluded 30 October.
Late in November she departed the East Coast with Card on a hunter-killer operation. Early in the mid-watch 24 December, Leary suddenly found herself in the midst of a German "wolfpack". Leary took two torpedoes from U-275 within minutes of her discovery of the enemy and a third torpedo finally sank her. Ninety-seven members of the ship’s company were lost, including her commanding officer, Commander James E. Kyes. There is a memorial to James Kyes erected by his classmates at Annapolis. It is located at the site of the abandoned mining town of Monte Cristo in the Cascade Mountains in eastern Snohomish County Washington, where his family ran a hotel. It sits under a large tree he planted as a young boy. There are no buildings left at the town site only the memorial and the tree. It is a 4-mile hike to reach Monte Cristo, as the road is not open to automobiles. The destroyer James E. Kyes was named for Commander James E. Kyes.
Leary received one battle star for her World War II service.
| Convoy | Escort Group | Dates | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| HX 152 | 30 Sept-9 Oct 1941[2] | from Newfoundland to Iceland prior to US declaration of war | |
| ON 26 | 20-29 Oct 1941[3] | from Iceland to Newfoundland prior to US declaration of war | |
| ON 28 | 31 Oct-3 Nov 1941[3] | from Iceland to Newfoundland prior to US declaration of war | |
| HX 160 | 17-25 Nov 1941[2] | from Newfoundland to Iceland prior to US declaration of war; 1st US RADAR detection of submarine | |
| ON 41 | 4-10 Dec 1941[3] | from Iceland to Newfoundland: war declared during convoy | |
| HX 167 | 29 Dec 1941-7 Jan 1942[2] | from Newfoundland to Iceland | |
| ON 55 | 15-18 Jan 1942[3] | from Iceland to Newfoundland | |
| HX 175 | MOEF group A4 | 15-23 Feb 1942[2] | from Newfoundland to Iceland |
| SC 77 | 11-14 April 1942[4] | Iceland shuttle | |
| SC 79 | 21 April 1942[4] | Iceland shuttle | |
| SC 81 | 5 May 1942[4] | Iceland shuttle | |
| SC 84 | 17 May 1942[4] | Iceland shuttle | |
| ON 102 | 14-21 June 1942[3] | from Iceland to United States | |
| SC 99 | 12 Sept 1942[4] | Iceland shuttle | |
| SC 101 | 28-30 Sept 1942[4] | Iceland shuttle | |
| ON 140 | 19-24 Oct 1942[3] | Iceland shuttle | |
| SC 105 | 25-26 Oct 1942[4] | Iceland shuttle | |
| Convoy SC 107 | 5-7 Nov 1942[4] | Iceland shuttle | |
| SC 109 | 20-25 Nov 1942[4] | Iceland shuttle | |
| SC 110 | 2 Dec 1942[4] | Iceland shuttle | |
| ON 152 | 11-15 Dec 1942[3] | Iceland shuttle | |
| SC 112 | 16-19 Dec 1942[4] | Iceland shuttle | |
| ON 160 | 14-21 Jan 1943[3] | Iceland shuttle | |
| HX 223 | 22 Jan 1943[2] | Iceland shuttle |